赶黄草活性成分提取及不同部位成分分布对比

目的：确定赶黄草活性成分提取溶剂，比较赶黄草不同部位活性成分含量差异，合理开发赶黄草。方法：测定赶黄草中总多酚、总黄酮、多酚类化合物含量及其抗氧化能力。结果：随着溶剂浓度的增加，总多酚、总黄酮含量呈先升高后降低的趋势。全草中主要的7种酚类化合物（儿茶素、芦丁、乔松素葡萄糖苷、槲皮素、山奈酚、乔松素和赶黄草苷A）含量以及ABTS自由基清除能力与铁离子还原能力均以80%乙醇提取物的最高。赶黄草不同部位总多酚含量、总黄酮含量、ABTS 自由基清除能力、DPPH 自由基清除能力及铁离子还原能力均呈现为花>叶>茎，且花和茎中的含量及活性随提取时间的延长均显著降低，而叶中的总多酚、总黄酮含量相对稳定。此外，抗氧化活性与总多酚、儿茶素、异槲皮苷、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、阿福豆苷、乔松素葡萄糖苷含量呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。结论：80%乙醇提取赶黄草中活性成分效果最好，其活性成分含量高且活性稳定。

Extraction of active ingredients from Penthorum chinense pursh and comparison of component distribution in different parts

Objective: This study aimed to determine the extraction solvent and compare the distribution of functional ingredient and antioxidant activities in different parts of Penthorum chinense pursh. Methods: the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity and individual phenolic compounds content in Penthorum chinense pursh were determined and analyzed. Results: The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content increased and then decreased with the increase of solvent concentration. The seven main phenolic compounds （catechin, rutin, pinocembrin-7-O-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol, pinocembrin and thonningianin A）, ABTS radical scavenging ability, and ferric ion reduction ability were the highest in 80% ethanol extract. The contents of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, ABTS radical scavenging ability, DPPH radical scavenging ability and ferric ion reducing ability of different parts of Penthorum chinense pursh were flower > leaves > stem. The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity of flower and stem decreased significantly with the increasing of storage time, while leaves were relatively stable. In addition, the antioxidant activities of Penthorum chinense pursh were significantly positively correlated with total phenolic content, catechin, isoquercetin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, afzelin, and pinocembrin-7-O-glucoside （P < 0.01）. Conclusion: 80% ethanol appears the most effective for polyphenol extraction in Penthorum chinense pursh, and the leaves have the great potential for development and utilization with high content and stable antioxidant activity.