Incineration and gasification technologies completed with up-to-date off-gas cleaning system for meeting environmental limits |
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Authors: | Radek Dvo?ák Tomas Pa?ízek Ladislav Bébar Petr Stehlík |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute of Process and Environmental Engineering (UPEI-VUT), Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | It is shown how gasification can be used for processing wastes including “waste to energy” system. First, an analysis of incineration
of wastes taking into account environmental limits is performed. This analysis is aimed at a typical arrangement of a conventional
oxidizing incineration plant consisting of waste storage and feeding systems, two-stage incinerator (primary and secondary
combustion chambers), heat recovery system involving co-generation and off-gas cleaning system. It is also focused on a new
arrangement where the primary combustion chamber (rotary kiln) is substituted by gasification reactor. The proposed concept
with a fluidised bed reactor utilizes results of experimental research with various mixtures of wastes (e.g. shredded textile
and rubber) considering typical conditions of operation. Experiments provide us with various important characteristics (heat
value of produced syngas vs. temperature in the gasification reactor, temperature in the secondary combustion chamber vs.
oxygen concentration in outlet flue gas and heat value of syngas, etc.). Then it is possible to make a comparison of conventional
incineration and gasification for a concrete industrial process involving a unit for thermal treatment of hazardous industrial
waste mixed with municipal solid wastes with capacity of 10,000 t/year. The application of gasification technology brings
about the whole range of benefits like minimizing the consumption of auxiliary fuel and decreasing size of the secondary combustion
chamber and other subsystems of the incineration plants. Involving such a system with energy and investment cost reduction
into an industrial process contributes to meeting cleaner production and environmental legislation regulations. |
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Keywords: | Incineration Gasification Waste Off-gas cleaning Waste to energy |
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