绿色润滑剂的生态研究概况与进展

发展绿色润滑剂是可持续发展的必然选择，对于绿色润滑剂的生态研究是判断其是否与环境兼容的依据。生态研究需要包括两方面内容：润滑剂的内部特征评价，即生物降解性和生态毒性评价；润滑剂与环境接触的可能性评价，即生态风险评价和生命周期评价。文章全面介绍了评价绿色润滑剂生物降解性和生态毒性的常用方法及其国内外研究进展，并概述了绿色润滑剂生态风险评价和生命周期评价的基本原理及方法，对绿色润滑剂将来的研究趋势进行了展望。

SURVEY AND HEADWAY OF THE ECOLOGICAL STUDY ON GREEN LUBRICANTS

Developing green lubricants is the inevitable choice for sustainable progress. The intention of an ecological study on green lubricants is to answer the question whether the lubricants are environmentally compatible or not. The ecological study has to cover the following two aspects： the assessment of inherent characters of lubricants, namely the assessment of biodegradability and ecological toxicity;the possibility of lubricants be exposed to environment, namely ecological risk assessment and life cycle assessment. In this article, the common methods of assessing the biodegradability and ecological toxicity of green lubricants and their domestic and international development are introduced. Then the principles and methods of ecological risk assessment and life cycle assessment of green lubricants are summarized too. Finally, the research trend of green lubricants are predicted.