烟草简易型直播漂浮式育苗技术研究

研究了烟草的直播漂浮式育苗,包括基质、育苗盘、施肥、剪叶及炼苗等方面的试验。开发出适合中国实际的简易型配套技术。应用该技术可生产出均匀、健壮的烟苗。与传统的营养土两段育苗相比,成本降低78%,劳力节省91.7%,苗床面积减少91.7%。成功地开发出炭化谷壳和炭化玉米德轴两种新质。试验证明,其育苗效果与蛙石、泥炭、白云母、岩棉等相当,且成本低廉,不滋生藻类。育苗盘以200型成苗质量最佳。起始营养增添微量元素并在出苗后20天添加一次营养液。剪叶频率以4天为宜。成苗后控制水肥炼苗,以4~6天较好。 

Study on the Technique of Tobacco Seedling Production with the Direct-seeded Float System

A simple and covenient technique of direct-seeded float system for tobacco transplant production was studied, including medium, fertilization, tray, seedling clippingand hardening. The new system produced uniform excellent tobacco seedlings and had78% lower cost and 91. 7% less labor than the nutritive soil pot system consistentlyused. Two kinds of new mediums were developed, the carbonized corncobs and ricehulls, which were cheap and worked as well as peat, vermiculite and perlite mediums.The algae has never grown on the two mediums. 200-cell tray was the best choice. Itwas suggested that. 150mg/L N and N: P: K= 1: 0. 5: 1 nutrient solution should beapplied before trays were floated and an additional solution of 100mg/L N with the sameN-P-K ratio should be applied about 20 days after seedling emergence. Application ofmicroelements could significantly improve the seedling diameter. 4 days clipping frequency and 4~6 days hardening for the seedlings were also suggested.