旋流式井下液砂分离器的研制及应用

油井出砂造成抽油泵的磨损是油田开发高含水阶段存在的普遍现象。针对上述问题,通过经验与数值模拟相结合的方法,设计了旋流式井下液砂分离器,并分析了液相黏度、含砂量、流量对分离效果的影响。结果表明:液相黏度对分离效率的影响最大,液相黏度的增加会导致分离效率的降低,因此井下液砂分离器适用于稀油井或特高含水的油井;当含砂量低于10%时,其对分离效果的影响不明显;对于一定直径的液砂分离器,有一个合理的流量范围,可以根据油井产量的大小,选用适当直径的井下液砂分离器。现场应用表明:旋流式井下液砂分离器能有效地降低进泵液体中的含砂量,提高泵效,平均延长抽油泵寿命60 d,并能显著减少砂卡的发生。

Development of downhole hydroclone for liquid-sand separation and its application

Pump abrasion caused by sand production is a common problem during high water cut period.To solve the problem,a downhole hydroclone for liquid-sand separation is designed on the basis of experience and numerical simulation.The effects of liquid viscosity,sand content and flow rate on separating effect are analyzed.Results show that liquid viscosity is the main factor affecting the separating effect,as well as the increase of liquid viscosity lowers the separating effect.So downhole hydroclone for liquid-sand separation is only suitable for wells of light oil or ultrahigh watercut.Sand cut has little effect on separating effect when it is less than 10%.There is a suitable flowrate zoon to select the diameter of downhole hydroclone,which can be determined by the production of wells.Field application shows that the downhole hydroclone is an effective facility to decrease the sand content of produced liquid before it is pumped,to improve the pump efficiency,to prolong the pump's working life by 60 days on average,and to diminish the failures of stuck pump caused by sands remarkably.