聚合物微发泡材料制备技术理论研究进展

20世纪90年代末,超临界流体(SCF)制备聚合物微发泡材料实现了工业化,这种方法制备的微发泡材料具有非常多的优点,被誉为"21世纪的新型材料"。介绍了SCF的概念、性质以及其在相关领域的应用情况。然后对聚合物微发泡材料的理论研究进展进行了介绍,主要回顾了3个方面的研究内容,包括气体在聚合物中的溶解行为、泡孔的形成和长大机理以及聚合物/气体体系的流变行为等。这些基础性的研究工作对于深入理解聚合物微发泡材料的形成机理及后续的应用研究具有非常重要的意义。

Progress of Theory Research on Preparation of Microcellular Polymer Foams(MPF)

At the end of 1990s, the preparation of microcellular polymer foams(MPF) by using supercritical fluids(SCF) were commercialized.The products produced by the process,which are usually called as "novel material for 21~s~t Century",have many advantages compared with those produced by conventional foaming process.The concepts,properties and relevant applications of SCF are first introduced. Theory research of forming of MPF by using SCF is reviewed from different aspects such as dissolution behavior of gases in polymers, nucleation and cell growth, and rheological behavior of polymer/SCF systems. All these fundamental works are very important for understanding the mechanism of forming of MPF. They are significant for subsequent application research as well.