坝前区域3维水温数值模拟研究

为避免大型水库低温下泄对下游水生生物或灌区农作物造成不利影响，准确预测水库的坝前水温分布十分必要。为此，采用三维水温紊流数学模型，以横向平均的二维水温模型的计算结果作为三维模型的入流边界条件和初始条件，以已建成的二滩水库坝前1km范围内的水体为研究对象，进行了三维水温的数值模拟验证。将模拟计算的水温结果与实测的水温结果进行了对比分析，结果表明采用本文提出的方法能够较好地模拟坝前深水库区的水体水温分层流动和进水口前的水体流动特性。

Numerical Study on the 3D Water Temperature in the Reservoir Region Adjacent to a Dam

To avoid any adverse influences on the downstream aquatic lives or agricultural production due to low-temperature water discharging from a large reservoir, it is necessary to predict accurately the stratified water temperature distributions in the deep water region before a high dam. The 3-D turbulence mathematical model was proposed in this study to simulate water temperature with the boundary condition and the initial condition obtained from a 2-D turbulent water temperature model. A case study was conducted at the constructed Ertan reservoir within a range of 1km from the dam. A comparison analysis was conducted between water temperature from the simulation model and the site observations. Results of water temperature simulated fit with the observation quite well. Therefore, the 3-D turbulent mathematical model proposed in this study can satisfactorily predict the stratified water temperature and the flow structures within the deep reservoir in front of the dam.