汽油润滑性研究II.汽油化学组成的特点

化学组成是决定燃料润滑性的最重要的因素。研究汽油中存在哪些种类的化合物 ,包括烃和非烃 ,是研究汽油润滑性的关键。但是 ,汽油的组成在很大程度上取决于生产时进料的成分和加工的方法。近百年来 ,在汽车和汽油平行发展的过程中 ,汽油组成不断改变 ,而且各国情形也各不相同。直到 80年代末 ,完整的燃料组成数据还是很难得到。本研究中收集归纳了尽可能完整的系统的汽油组成数据 ,用于今后发展汽油润滑的模型及解释汽油润滑性的测定结果。这些数据包括烷烃、烯烃、芳烃、含硫化合物、含氮化合物、含氧化合物、染料和添加剂的结构和含量。

STUDY ON THE LUBRICITY OF GASOLINE FUELSII.The Chemical Composition of Gasoline Fuels

Chemical composition has been recognized to be the most important factor in determining the lubricity of fuels Investigation of what kind of molecular species,including hydrocarbons and impurities are present in gasolines is thus a crucial problem in studying gasoline lubricity However,gasoline composition,to a great extent,depends on the source of feedstock and its production method In a century of parallel evolution of car and gasoline,the composition of gasoline has been varying over time and from country to country Even until late in the 1980s,complete information concerning fuel composition was still difficult to acquire In this investigation,an attempt was made to collect and summarize some systematic composition data in a form as complete as possible,for use in both the development of model fuels for testing and to interpret fuel lubricity measurement These data have given more details on individual composition of gasolines,including structures and contents of paraffins,olefins,aromatics,oxygenates,sulphur impurities,nitrogen impurities,oxygen containing impurities,dyes,and additives,etc