重轨轨头淬火应力场的计算机模拟

利用有限元法研究了重轨轨头在淬火过程中的应力场分布。模拟计算的过程中利用等效热容法处理相变潜热对温度场的影响，用等效线膨胀系数法处理相变引起的组织应力，同时考虑了材料的非线性参数对温度场的影响。研究结果表明温度的模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好，喷风淬火可以产生较小的残余热应力，避免了钢轨的变形和开裂。

Computer Simulation of Quenching Stress Filed During Rail- Head Quenching Process for Heavy Raft

The quenching process of rail-head was simulated to study the stress filed by FE method. In this model, the equivalent thermal capacity method was used to deal with the influence of latent heat of phase transforma- tion on temperature filed and the transformation stress which resulted from phase transformation was taken into ac- count using the equivalent linear expansion cofficient methord. The impact of material＇ s non-linear parameter on temperature field was considered. The results show that the simulation result is identical with the measuring tempera- ture. Gas quenching can induce lower residual stresses and protect the heaw rail from distortion and cracking.