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Study of smoke backlayering during suppression in tunnels
Affiliation:1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China;2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Environment, Shanghai 200240, PR China;3. Shanghai Fire Bureau, Shanghai 200051, PR China;1. SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Fire Research, Sweden;2. School of Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, China;1. Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, PR China;3. National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing 400045, PR China;1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, P.leTecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell’Informazione, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, via Roma, 81031 Aversa, (CE), Italy;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan;3. Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
Abstract:Full-scale suppression tests and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out to investigate the effect of Water-based Fixed Fire Fighting Systems (WFFFS) on the effectiveness of longitudinal ventilation systems in resisting smoke backlayering in tunnels. Test results show that WFFFS enables longitudinal ventilation systems to resist smoke backlayering with a lower velocity than the critical velocity for the same size of tunnel fire. Based on data obtained from the test program and the simulation program, a design method is proposed to estimate the velocity required to resist smoke backlayering in tunnels when WFFFS is active.
Keywords:Tunnel fires  Smoke backlayering  WFFFS  Fire suppression  Ventilation systems
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