菊粉季铵盐的合成及性能

该文用菊粉、环氧氯丙烷和十二烷基二甲基叔胺为原料合成了一种菊粉季铵盐表面活性剂。考察了原料摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对菊粉季铵盐取代度的影响。最佳反应条件为:n(菊粉)∶n(环氧氯丙烷)∶n(十二烷基二甲基叔胺)=1∶3∶3,催化剂硫酸0.6mL(质量分数26%),70℃反应7h,取代度最高达到1.33。该菊粉季铵盐的CMC=2.78×10-4mol/L,γCMC=29.27mN/m,临界溶解温度Krafft点<0℃,质量浓度3g/L时乳化时间为30min,浓度0.01mol/L时的增溶能力为680mL/mol。与其他生物质资源的阳离子衍生物相比,该菊粉季铵盐具有更强的降低表面张力的能力。

Synthesis of Inulin Quaternary Ammonium Salt and Its Properties

One inulin quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized with inulin,epichlorohydrin and dodecyl dimethyl amine.The effects of raw material composition,amount of catalyst,reaction temperature and reaction time on the degree of substitution (DS) of the product were studied.The optimal conditions were as follows:the ratio of n(inulin)∶n(epichlorohydrin)∶n(dodecyl dimethyl amine) was 1∶3∶3,sulfuric acid dosage was 0.6 mL (26%),reaction temperature was 70 ℃ and reaction time was 7 hours,DS attained to 1.33.Furthermore,surface physical and chemical properties were measured.The result showed that the CMC of the product was 2.78×10-4 mol/L,γCMC was 29.27 mN/m,Krafft point <0 ℃,emulsifying time was 30 min at the concentration of 3 g/L,solubilization ability was 680 mL/mol at the concentration of 0.01 mol/L.Comparing with other cationic derivatives of biomass,the inulin quaternary ammonium salt has the highest ability to decrease the surface tension.