估算纯物质临界温度的新方法

提出了不用沸点 (Tb)的估算临界温度 (Tc)的方法———第 1水平基团法和第 2水平基团法 .对烷烃、烯烃、炔烃和二烯烃、环烷烃、芳香烃、醇、酯、醚、酮、酸、含硫化合物、含氮化合物以及卤烃等 12类物质的32 5个Tc 进行了关联 ,得到方程参数及 70个第 1水平基团对Tc 的贡献值以及 34个第 2水平基团对Tc 的贡献值 .新方法不依赖于Tb 的实验值 ,而用更易得到的相对密度d4 2 0 值 ,同时还对分子中相邻基团间的相互作用及同分异构体进行了校正 .新方法用于极不稳定的精细化学品也有良好的精度

NEW METHOD FOR ESTIMATING CRITICAL TEMPERATURE OF PURE COMPOUNDS

The critical temperature( T c)is a key parameter for prediction of thermodynamic and transport properties by the principle of corresponding states.However,reliable experimental measurements of T c are restricted to stable substances.As a result,numerous estimation methods have become popular for calculation of T c.Among various methods for extimating T c,the group-contribution approach has been widely used.However most methods meed T b of the compounds,and it is difficult to measure T b of unstable substances. In this paper, an estimating method using the d 20 4 for critical properties in group-contribution method was presented and assessed.For correcting the influence of adjacent group and differentiating isomers, the new methods including first-level group-contribution method and second-level group-contribution method are proposed.70 first level groups and 34 second level groups were divided, and the contribution parameters of the groups for T c were obtained by correlating the experimental critical temperature of 325 substances, which are divided into 12 types. The average correlation error of GR1 method and GR2 method for T c is 2.950% and 1.937%,respectively.If the experimental T b is not available, the new method can be used to give satisfactory estimation. The T c of 31 compounds were predicted using the new method and Constantinou-Gani method,respectively, and the results show that the new method demonstrates singnificant improvements in accuracy.