口含烟对人口腔致病菌的影响

  目的  研究口含烟对人口腔卫生的影响。  方法  将3种不同类型口含烟（胶基型、袋装型、含片型）提取物和传统卷烟烟气总粒相物（TPM）基于烟碱含量配成不同浓度，研究其对变形链球菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抑菌效应。选取20名志愿者吸食3种口含烟和传统卷烟，以吐取法采集吸食前5 min和吸食后0~2min，2~5 min，5~10 min，10~15min，90~95 min共6个时间段的唾液，提取唾液中细菌DNA，通过实时荧光定量PCR（探针法）检测各时间节点总细菌、变形链球菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌水平。  结果  （1）3种口含烟在体外对2种细菌无抑菌作用，普通卷烟TPM有一定抑菌作用。（2）吸食袋装型、含片型口含烟和传统卷烟后，唾液中细菌总量短期有所降低，但1 h后均恢复至使用前水平。牙龈卟啉单胞菌与变形链球菌量变化趋势与总细菌基本一致。  结论  口含烟及传统卷烟在吸食后短期内对口腔微生物有抑制作用。 

Effects of oral use tobacco products on pathogenes of oral diseases

To explore the effect of oral smokeless tobacco (SLT) product on oral hygiene. Extracts of three different types of SLT, i.e.gel-based-type, bag-type, and flake-type, and traditional cigarette smoke total particulate matter (TPM) were formulated into different concentrations based on nicotine content, and antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis was studied.Twenty volunteers were asked to take 3 types SLT or traditional cigarettes. Results were collected 5 minutes before intake and 0~2min, 2~5min, 5~10min, 10~15min, 90~95 min. after intake of tobacco. Bacterial DNA in saliva was extracted, and total bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis levels at each time point were determined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (probe method). Results showed: (1) 3 types SLT had no significant effect on the numbers of Porphyromonas gingivali and Streptococcus mutans, but TPM had some inhibitory effect. (2) Total bacteria in saliva slightly decreased in the short-term after using SLT (gel-based-type and flake-type)and traditional cigarette, but after 1h both returned to pre-use levels. The change of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans was almost consistent with that of total bacteria. It was concluded that the use of SLT and traditional cigarettes will have a short-term inhibitory effect on oral microbiological content.