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Solar hybrid photo-thermochemical sulfur-ammonia water-splitting cycle: Photocatalytic hydrogen production stage
Authors:Ekaterini Ch. Vagia  Nazim Muradov  Agni Kalyva  Ali T-Raissi  Nan Qin  Arun R. Srinivasa  Konstantinos E. Kakosimos
Affiliation:1. Texas A&M University at Qatar, Chemical Engineering Department, Sustainable Energy and Clean Air Research Lab – SECAReLab, PO Box 23874, Doha, Qatar;2. Florida Solar Energy Center, University of Central Florida, Cocoa, FL, 32922, USA;3. Texas A&M University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College Station, TX, 77843-3123, USA
Abstract:One of the main limitations of existing solar thermochemical water-splitting cycles (WSC) are that they utilize only thermal component of the solar irradiation neglecting its photonic component. A new hybrid photo-thermochemical sulfur–ammonia (HySA) WSC developed at the Florida Solar Energy Center allows circumventing this shortcoming. In the HySA cycle, water splitting occurs by means of solar beam splitting which enables utilization of the quantum (UV–Vis) portion of the solar spectrum in the hydrogen production stage and the thermal (IR) portion in the oxygen production stage. Present work investigates the photocatalytic hydrogen production step using narrow band gap CdS and CdS/>ZnS composite photocatalysts, and ammonium sulfite as an electron donor. The choice of the electron donor was determined by the considerations of its regenerability in the thermal stages of the HySA cycle. This article examines the impact of photocatalyst and cocatalyst loading, temperature, and light intensity on hydrogen production rates. Photocatalysts, cocatalysts and photoreaction products were analyzed by a number of materials characterization (XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS) and analytical (GC and IC) methods. The experimental data obtained provide guidance for the improved solar photoreactor design.</td>
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Keywords:Solar  Hydrogen  Water splitting cycle  Cadmium sulfide  Zinc sulfide  Cocatalyst
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