非晶态合金催化剂和磁稳定床反应工艺的创新与集成

创新的加氢技术包括非晶态合金催化剂和结合其磁性与加氢性能开发的磁稳定床反应工艺。将晶态催化剂的结构非晶化，使广泛应用的Raney Ni加氢性能产生质的飞跃。通过加入原子半径大的稀土提高晶化势能垒和碱抽提铝。突破了非晶态合金作为实用催化材料热稳定性差、比表面积小的限制。开发了工业生产非晶态合金催化剂的关键技术和设备，引入杂原子，调整对各种官能团的加氢活性、耐酸性和磁性，形成了SRNA系列催化剂。结合均匀磁场和非晶态合金的磁性，形成磁稳定床反应工艺。设计了调节磁场的磁隔栅；建立了可指导工业化的磁场和反应器数学模型。将该工艺用于己内酰胺加氢精制，催化剂耗量降低70％，反应器体积分别是相同处理量釜式和固定床的1／8和1／3，强化了催化反应过程。非晶态合金催化剂和磁稳定床反应工艺在国际上首次工业应用，使我国的加氢技术产生跨越式进步，并产生了巨大的经济和社会效益。

INNOVATION OF AMORPHOUS ALLOY CATALYST AND MAGNETICALLY STABILIZED BED REACTION TECHNOLOGY AND THEIR COMMERCIALIZED INTEGRATION

The new hydrogenation technology includes two new aspects: amorphous alloy catalyst and the reaction process in magnetically stabilized bed combining the magnetics and hydrogenation.Amorphous alloys are new kinds of catalytic materials with short-range order but long-range disorder structure.If the crystalline catalyst is converted into amorphous alloy catalyst,the quality leap in hydrogenation properties of Raney Ni will come into being.The limitation of bad thermal stability and small specific surface area of the amorphous alloy catalyst can be overcome by adding the rare earth element in it to enhance the crystallization potential energy barrier and by using alkaline extraction of Al.The critical technology and equipment for commercial production of amorphous alloy catalyst were set up to introduce hetero-atoms in amorphous alloy catalyst and to control its hydrogenation activity,acid resistance and magnetic property,so that SRNA series catalysts were produced.Magnetically stabilized bed reactor,a fluidized bed of magnetically particles by applying a spatially uniform and time-invariant magnetic field oriented axially relative to the fluidizing fluid flow,had many advantages such as the low pressure drop and the high mass transfer efficiency.Integration of the amorphous Ni alloy catalyst and magnetically stabilized bed reactor was developed in the process of purification of caprolactam at RIPP,SINOPEC,with the advantages of catalyst consumption decreased by 70%,the reactor volume being 1/8 and 1/3 of the still and fixed bed reactors respectively,and the catalytic reaction process enhanced.The commercial application of the integrate technology for the first time in the world resulted in the development of hydrogenation by leaps and bounds and great benefit to economy and society of China.