散体矸石的承载性能试验研究

为了研究散体矸石的承载、变形规律，通过对不同级配、增强措施及尺寸效应下的矸石体进行压缩试验，获得了其承载变形规律，并建立了散体矸石承载力学模型。研究结果表明:1)矸石处于不同压缩时期具有不同的变形、破坏特征，大致可分为如下阶段:第一阶段，以颗粒间相互错动为主的自组织平衡段;第二阶段，以矸石破碎、空隙率降低为主的破碎压密段;第三阶段，以不同粒径颗粒固结并稳定增阻为主的固结增阻段;2)对于单一级配矸石来说，粒径越大，前期能够承受的载荷越大，但随着变形的增加，压缩量-载荷曲线越平缓;3)散体矸石的级配曲线越接近泰勒曲线，其承载性能越优，且对矸石体用钢筋和金属网增强后，承载性能明显提升;4)矸石体不同位置处的压缩量由不同步趋于同步，最终形成类圆台承载体，该体表面松散，内部紧密。

Experimental Study on the Bearing Properties of Granular Gangue

In order to study the law of deformation and bearing of granular gangue, compression tests were performed with the gangue body under different gradation, enhanced measures and size effect, obtained the bearing and deformation laws, and established the bearing mechanics model for granular materials. The research indicates that: 1) Gangue in different compressed periods has different deformation and failure characteristics, which can be roughly divided into the following stages: the first stage, with the inter-particle dislocation based self-organizing balance section; the second stage, with the gangue broken and porosity reduction based compaction section; the third stage, with different size particles of consolidation and stability the increased resistance based consolidation increased resistance section; 2) For the single gradation gangue, the bigger particle size, the greater the load in early stage, but with the increase of the amount of compression deformation, load curve grows smoothly ; 3)Grading curve of granular gangue closer to the Taylor curve, the bearing performance is more excellent, and its bearing performance improves significantly with the use of steel and metal mesh to reinforced gangue body,; 4) Compression at different positions of gangue turns from non synchronous to synchronized, and eventually forms a class cone bearing body, whose surface is loose,and internal is close.