高寒地区JYC生态基材护坡现场试验及测试研究

选取川西高寒高海拔地区鹧鸪山隧道西引道典型的路堑岩质陡边坡作为现场护坡试验工点,介绍JYC生态基材护坡的施工工艺与方法,对植被在高寒气候条件下的生长状况和越冬过夏能力进行长期的监控和评价。3 a多的现场护坡试验表明:JYC生态基材不仅具有良好的保水、保肥,耐旱抗冻和抗侵蚀能力,而且具有优良的团粒结构和黏结性能,能够与锚杆、铁丝网和植物根系组成复合的工程结构,并与岩质陡边坡形成一个有机整体,确保了基材自身和边坡在雨水和严寒条件下的浅、表层稳定。经过3 a多的取样测试表明:JYC生态基材物理性质较稳定,pH值属于中性土壤范围,天然含水率在40%左右,能够很好地满足高寒地区岩石陡边坡植物生长的要求;并且3 a中JYC生态基材养分含量的平均值分别为:全氮3.61 mg/kg,有效磷19.55 mg/kg,有效钾504.90 mg/kg,有机质7.56%,基材属于肥力较强的基质,能够持续提供给植物生长10 a以上的养分。JYC生态基材护坡技术既经济又环保,并能有效地防止土壤的酸化和板结,掺入高分子材料的生态基材护坡方法,是高寒高海拔地区岩质陡边坡生态护坡技术发展的方向。

Field tests on JYC ecological base material for slope protection in high-cold areas

A representative steep rock slope is selected to carry out field tests on JYC ecological base material for slope protection in the high-cold and high-altitude area of the west Sichuan Province in China.The construction technology and methods are introduced.The growth state of the vegetation under the high-cold climatic condition is observed and appraised over a long period of time.The field tests on ecological slope protection in more than three years show that the JYC base material not only exhibits a good performance in water holding capacity,fertilizer retaining,anti-freezing,anti-drought and anti-erosion,but also has perfect cluster structure and binding power to form a compound project structure with the stock,wire netting and plant root system,and an organic integrity with the steep rock slope is reached so as to guarantee the stability of the base material and the shallow and top slope layers.The sampling tests in more than three years show that the basic physical property of JYC is steady,the pH value is neutral and the natural moisture content is larger than about 40%,satisfying the growth requirements for the vegetation at the steep rock slope in the high-cold and high-altitude areas.The JYC base material contains rich nutrient content,and the average of the whole nitrogen,effective phosphorus,effective potassium,and organic matter is 3.61 mg/kg,19.55 mg/kg,504.90 mg/kg,7.56%,respectively,which can offer the nutrient for plant growth for more than 10 years.The ecological base material is economical and can prevent effectively soil acidifying and hardening.It is the development direction to employ ecological base material for slope protection in high-cold and high-altitude areas.