赣南典型离子型稀土矿层入渗试验研究

选择原地浸矿过程中表层滑坡频发矿区，现场测试2个矿块的稀土矿层入渗过程，采用4种常用入渗模型拟合入渗过程.结果表明:整个入渗过程可分为3个阶段:0~45 min为入渗率急剧变化阶段，45~125 min为入渗率缓慢变化阶段和125 min之后逐渐达到稳渗阶段；用Kostiakov模型拟合的效果好于其他3种模型，矿块1初始入渗率平均为0.113 cm/min，稳定入渗率为0.063 cm/min，矿块2初始入渗率平均为0.162 cm/min，稳定入渗率为0.101 cm/min；入渗率随砂砾含量增大而增大，随黏粒含量增大而减小，与矿层含水量呈负相关关系；试验矿区渗透系数随深度增加快速减小，注液强度过大而远超渗透系数时，造成表层矿层溶液无法及时下渗，边坡安全系数减小，易引发表层滑坡. 

Experimental study on infiltration of typical ion-adsorption rare-earth ore in southern Jiangxi

Selecting the mining area with frequent surface landslide in the process of in-situ leaching, the infiltration rate of rare earth from two ore blocks in filed was tested based on four common models fitting the water infiltration characteristic. The results show that the whole infiltration process can be divided into three phases: the infiltration rate of 0~45 min is the rapid change stage, the infiltration rate of 45~125 min is slowly change phase and after 125 min the infiltration rate gradually achieves the stability. The fitting effect of Kostiakov is better than the other three models with the average ore initial infiltration rate being 0.113 cm/min, the steady infiltration rate of 0.063 cm/min in the first sample region, the average ore initial infiltration rate of 0.162 cm/min and the steady infiltration rate of 0.101 cm/min in second sample region. The infiltration rate increases with the rise of sand and gravel content and decreases with the rise of clay content. At the same time, the infiltration rate is in the negative correlation with the ore moisture content. Hydraulic conductivity in vertical direction shows a rapid decreasing trend with the increase of depth. When liquid injection intensity is too excessive and far more than the hydraulic conductivity, surface seam liquid can not infiltrate in time, which will lead to the decrease of slope safety factor and the occurrence of surface landslide.