浙江诸暨桔槔井灌工程遗产及其价值研究

桔槔井灌是最古老的灌溉方式之一。浙江省诸暨市赵家镇的桔槔井灌工程群是目前仍在使用的灌溉工程遗产。本文通过田野调查、文献考证等方法，分析了诸暨赵家桔槔井灌的历史演变、遗产构成、工程特性及其科技文化价值。研究认为，赵家镇桔槔井灌的延续使用有其特殊的自然和历史背景；其历史起源可追溯至12世纪，外来移民利用此地优越的地下水资源条件，因地制宜地使用简易而有效的桔槔提水、发展灌溉农业，逐渐繁衍形成村落。灌溉工程体系规划科学、设计完善、管理有效，并在发展过程中衍生出独具特色的文化。诸暨桔槔井灌遗产具有独特的历史、科技和文化价值，是早期灌溉文明的活化石，近几十年遗产范围快速萎缩，应予科学保护。

A case study on Zhuji Shadoof Irrigation System and heritage values

Shadoof-well irrigation is one of the oldest types of water-lifting irrigation. The group of shadoof irrigation projects located at Zhaojia town,Zhuji city in Zhejiang Province are irrigation heritages which are currently still in-use. This paper studied the history, heritage components, engineering characteristics and heritage values of Zhuji Shadoof Irrigation System through field work and literature research. It has been found that the history of two villages, where the shadoof irrigation heritage is located, could be traced back to the 12th century AD when the immigrants of He and Zhao families migrated here. Based on the su-perior use of groundwater resources by simple shadoofs and wells, the irrigating agriculture and population gradually developed and the villages were built. It is found that Shadoof irrigating projects had been widely used in the 17th century at latest in Zhaojia by the records of historical documents. It is also shown that an-cient people had scientifically realized the mechanism of groundwater cycle and artificially built a dam in the brook to increase groundwater recharge. The paper argues that Zhuji Shadoof Irrigation System with im-portant historical, cultural and technological values is living fossils which witness the history of irrigation civilization,with the suggestion that this heritage should be protected scientifically.