砾石土质条件下葡萄滴灌生育期土壤含水率变化规律研究

为探究酿酒葡萄在砾石土质条件下的土壤含水率变化规律及合理灌溉制度,选取贺兰山东麓砾石土典型试验区,以五年生赤霞珠品种为研究对象,设计2 550、2 850、3 225、3 600 m3/hm24个不同定额的灌水处理,应用TDR土壤水分剖面仪和土壤水势仪,监测生育期滴灌前后不同土层含水率与水势变化,针对监测数据从灌水处理整体与单个生育期不同角度进行分析,研究酿酒葡萄在砾石土条件下不同滴灌定额土壤含水率变化规律,最终提出生育期适宜灌溉制度。研究结果表明:随着灌溉定额的增加,土壤含水率在0~40cm土层范围内变化较明显;不同深度土层土壤水势变化规律与灌溉定额的大小有关;1m深土壤水分蓄存比并不是随着灌水量的增加而增大,而是当灌水量达到某一定额时,随着灌水量的增加,土壤水分蓄存比减小,砾石土单次灌水量高于300 m3/hm2时,土壤水分蓄存比较低,易产生深层渗漏。

Research on variation rule of soil moisture content during growth period grape drip irrigation under condition of gravel soil

To explore the change rule of soil moisture content and reasonable irrigation system of wine grape under the condition of gravel soil, this paper selected Helan mountain gravel soil as typical experimental zone,and took five years cabernet sauvignon as the research object.It designed four different quotas of irrigation treatment such as 2550, 2850, 3225 , 3600 m³/hm²,and applied TDR profiler on soil moisture and soil water potential instrument to monitor the different soil moisture content and water potential change during growth period before and after drip irrigation.According to monitoring data it analyzed from the perspective of different irrigation treatment during the whole and the individual fertility,and studied the change rule of soil moisture content of wine grape in gravel soil under different irrigation quota.It finally put forward the suitable irrigation system in growth period. The results show that with the increase of irrigation quota, the soil moisture content changes obviously within the scope of 0 to 40 cm soil layer; The change rule of water potential in soil layer of different depths related to volume of irrigation quota; the water accumulation of 1 m deep soil than does not increase with the increase of irrigation water, but when the amount of irrigation reaches a certain norm, the water accumulation of soil decrease with the increase of irrigation water.The water accumulation of soil is low and easy to produce deep seepage when the single amount of irrigation in gravel soil is higher than 300 m³/hm².