基于FPGA的简易偏振成像系统设计

偏振成像是一种获取目标物表面光学反射偏振特征的新型成像技术，与传统成像相比可以获取更多的目标物信息。本文设计了一种简易轻便应用于多场景下的偏振成像采集系统。系统由光学成像模块、FPGA主芯片、上位机图像获取三部分组成，实现图像的采集、传输与显示。通过FPGA主芯片驱动图像传感器，利用偏振分光棱镜，将携带目标物表面信息的反射光分解成垂直方向（S分量）和水平方向（P分量），收集并解析获取目标物垂直方向和水平方向上的偏振图像；同时分析了系统可能产生误差的原因并进行了标定。实验结果表明：本文设计的成像系统在不同场景下，均可稳定、实时采集到P分量和S分量图像，解析出偏振度图像。

Design of Simple Polarization Imaging System Based on FPGA

Polarization imaging is a technique to acquire the optical polarization characteristics of the target surface, which can acquire more information of the target compared with the traditional imaging. In this paper, a polarization imaging acquisition system was designed for multi-scene applications, consisting of an optical imaging module, an FPGA host chip and a host computer for image acquisition, transmission and display. As the FPGA host chip driving the image sensor, the reflected light carrying the surface information of the target is decomposed into vertical (S-component) and horizontal (P-component) direction by the polarizing beam splitter, and is analyzed to obtain the polarization image of the target in the two directions. The possible causes of measurement error were also analyzed and the system was calibrated. The experimental results show that with the designed system, the P- and S-component images can be acquired in different scenes in a stable and real-time manner, and the polarization images can be resolved.