亚临界燃煤电厂的用能分析

燃煤发电是我国的主要电力方式，分析燃煤电厂的能量利用情况对节能减排有重要作用。本文以国际典型亚临界燃煤电厂和我国西南地区某亚临界燃煤电厂为计算实例，结合Aspen Plus软件和有效能分析法，对其整个热力过程进行系统模拟计算和能量分析，得出每个设备的有效能损失。结果表明，热力过程中有效能损失最大的部位在锅炉；锅炉中有效能损失最大的是煤的燃烧过程，其次为锅炉受热面的换热过程。通过对国内外两个电厂的比较，发现国内亚临界燃煤电厂有效能效率较国外低约6个百分点。

Energy analysis of subcritical coal-fired power plant

Systematic analysis of its energy consumption is important in energy conservation and emission reduction in the coal-fired power plants. This paper analyzed the energy consumption in a typical power plant and a specific power plant in southwest China. Aspen Plus software and energy analysis methods were used in the simulation and calculation of energy consumption. The results revealed that the largest energy consumption of the system occurs in the boiler，in which most energy was consumed in coal combustion. A great amount of energy is lost in the heat exchanging process on the surfaces in the boiler. The energy efficiency in the subcritical coal-fired power plant in southwest China is about 6 percent lower.