建筑节能新方向:太阳能光伏-地源热泵系统

减少我国冬季采暖所造成的大气污染,降低供暖系统的能耗,节约能源一直是建筑节能追求的目标.目前太阳能光伏发电已经成为人类利用太阳能的最主要方式之一,地源热泵已被作为一项旨在解决建筑冷热源问题的新技术,日渐受到人们的重视.将光伏转换与热泵循环有机结合在一起,从而形成了太阳能光伏-地源热泵系统.该系统提高了光电转换和光热吸收效率,光电/光热综合利用,极大地提高了单位面积太阳辐照的利用效率,同时可提高热泵系统在寒冷地区运行的适用性;利用光电效应把太阳能中高能带区域的光能直接转化成电能,可大大提高太阳能的可用能效率；在增加能量储存装置和逆变器的条件下,可以使系统脱离公用电网运行,从而增加了系统的适用性和灵活性；与普通的空气源热泵相比,太阳能地源热泵具有较高的热性能,具有一机多用的功效；与建筑物相结合的太阳能热泵系统,可以增加建筑物的隔热效果,起到减少建筑物冷暖负荷的作用,同时可极大地减少环境污染.

New Direction for Building Energy Saving-Solar PV-GSHP System

Reducing air pollution from heating in the winter and energy consumption of heating systems has always been the objective of China′s energy saving efforts for buildings.Photovoltaic power generation is now one of the main ways human utilizes solar energy,while ground source heat pump is currently seen a new technology used to address issues of cold and heat supply to buildings and is drawing increasingly wide attention.A solar PV-GSHP system is a perfect integration of photovoltaic conversion and heat pump systems.Such system raises the efficiency of photoelectric conversion and solar-thermal adsorption and realizes an integrated utilization of solar energy and solar heat.In addition to dramatically raising the solar energy utilization efficiency in unit solar irradiation area,it can improve the applicability of heat pump systems in cold areas.Directly converting the light energy in high-energy regions of solar energy to electricity through photoelectric effect can greatly raise the efficiency of available energy in solar energy.Adding energy storage facilities and inverters will enable the system to operate independently from public power grids,enhancing the system′s applicability and flexibility.Compared with a conventional air source heat pump,a solar GSHP has higher thermal properties and is multifunctional.Applying a solar heat pump system in buildings can improve the buildings′ heat insulation effect,helping the buildings reduce cold and heat loads while greatly reducing environmental pollution.