国内超高温钻井液研究与应用进展

20世纪80年代以来,世界各国钻深井、超深井、复杂井的数量增加,对钻井液高温下的稳定性、滤失量和润滑性提出了更高要求,为满足超深井钻井技术发展需要,世界各国都在努力研制超高温钻井液处理剂和钻井液体系。国内超高温钻井液体系主要集中在水基钻井液方面,在油基钻井液和合成基钻井液方面开展的工作相对较少。油基钻井液和合成基钻井液是国外公认的解决高温问题的有效途径,可以有效解决深井高温井段钻井液稳定性问题,但油基钻井液和合成基钻井液成本高,并存在环境污染等突出问题,因此其推广受到限制。相对于油基钻井液,水基钻井液成本低,易于维护处理,通过采用抗高温处理剂,可满足井底温度超过220℃以上高温钻井的需要,从而得到广泛重视。从需求考虑,在重视水基钻井液研究的同时,也要重视油基钻井液和合成基钻井液。介绍了近期国内在超高温钻井液处理剂及钻井液体系研究与应用方面取得的进展。

Study and Application of Ultra High Temperature Drilling Fluid in China

Since 1980s,the increase of the deep,ultra-deep and complex wells results in higher requirements on the stability,fluid loss and lubrication of the drilling fluid at high temperature.The anti-high temperature agents and the corresponding drilling fluid are intensely developing in order to meet the requirements of ultra-deep drilling.The domestic development of ultra-high temperature drilling fluid is mainly focusing on the water based mud.However there are less progresses on the oil based mud and synthetic based mud.It is considered that the usage of oil based mud and synthetic based mud is one of the efficient ways to deal with the stability of the deep drilling fluid during the high temperature penetration.Nevertheless,its applications are limited due to the price and potential environmental pollution.Actually,water based mud is able to meet the requirements together with the selection of the anti-high temperature agent in deep drilling and ultra-deep drilling with more than 220℃.Hence,compared with the oil based mud,the performance of water based mud is getting more interested which is attributed to the low price and convenient disposal.Considering the requirement of drilling market,these three types mud(water based mud,oil based mud and synthetic based mud) should be equally emphasized.In this paper,the recent progresses and applications of the anti-high temperature agent and drilling fluid were also introduced.