U71Mn钢重轨轨头淬火应力场的计算机模拟

采用有限元法研究了重轨轨头在淬火过程中的应力场分布。在模拟计算过程中利用等效热容法处理相变潜热对温度场的影响，利用等效线膨胀系数法处理相变引起的组织应力，并考虑了材料非线性参数对温度场的影响。结果表明，温度模拟结果与实测结果相吻合，同时喷风淬火能产生较小的残余热应力，从而避免了钢轨的变形和开裂。

Computer simulation of quenching stress field during U71Mn steel heavy-duty rail-head quenching process

The quenching process of heavy-duty rail-head was simulated to study the stress field by finite method. The equivalent thermal capacity method was used to deal with the influence of latent heat on temperature filed, and the transformation stress resulting from phase transformation was taken into account using the equivalent linear expansion coefficient method. The impact of the material＇s non-linear parameters on temperature field was considered. The results show that the simulation result is identical with the measurement; gas quenching can induce lower residual stresses and protect the heavy rail from distortion and cracking.