纳米硫化铁在环境保护中的应用研究进展

总结了近二十年来纳米硫化铁在环境中的应用报道,综述了纳米硫化铁的合成方法、污染物去除效果和机理以及溶液组分对材料本身和污染物去除的影响。介绍了纳米硫化铁目前在环境中主要用于重金属离子去除(如镉、汞、铀、锝等)、氯代有机物的脱氯和难降解有机物的高级氧化等过程,其对污染物的去除机理主要包括吸附、(共)沉淀、还原、催化氧化。指出虽然纳米硫化铁在污染物处理方面取得了良好的效果,但是依然存在问题,如溶液中共存的阴阳离子和腐植酸会对材料的团聚、腐蚀以及污染物的吸附行为和处理效果产生不同的影响。提出目前国内外对于纳米硫化铁材料自身性能研究尚未深入,材料在反应过程中及实际环境中的迁移、转化及其对污染物去除的影响值得深入。

Recent advances in the application of iron sulfide nanoparticles in environment

This paper summarized the applications of iron sulfide nanoparticles in environment in last twenty years. Synthesizing method of iron sulfide nanoparticles, pollutants removal mechanism, and influences of solution components on reaction system were described in detail. Iron sulfide nanoparticles could be used in the removal of heavy metal ions such as cadmium, mercury, uranium, and technetium, the dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds, and the advanced oxidation process for resistant organic pollutants degradation. The removal pathways, mainly including adsorption, precipitation, co-precipitation, reduction and catalytic oxidation, were described in this paper elaborately. Although the iron sulfide nanoparticles has achieved good performance in pollutant treatment field, but there are still problems such as, the presence of ions and humic acids in reaction solution which can cause agglomeration, corrosion of nanoparticles, and competitive adsorption. Up to date, the research on iron sulfide nanoparticles's property is still inadequate, and subsequent researches on the migration, transportation, and transformation of iron sulfide nanoparticles during reaction in environment and their influences on pollutants removal are needed.