基于多场耦合理论的稻谷储藏品质变化规律及预测模型的研究

为了探讨稻谷在储藏期间的品质变化规律并建立品质变化的预测模型,本文在多场耦合理论的基础上,利用自主设计的温湿度控制的模拟仓储存稻谷120 d,研究其不同储藏时间的水分含量、脂肪酸值以及过氧化氢酶活动度等品质指标的变化,根据模拟仓内温湿度耦合的规律与稻谷储藏品质的相关指标变化之间的关系,建立了稻谷储藏品质变化预测模型。结果表明：在稻谷储藏期间,温湿度均出现了耦合的现象,在粮堆中形成了温湿气的强弱耦合区域,在储藏第60d时,模拟仓内均出现了上层粮堆呈现一个“U”型高温高湿聚合区。60d后停止对冷热壁的制冷和加热温湿度的场强效应减弱,粮堆内没有无强弱耦合区的出现。温度和湿度的耦合作用对稻谷的水分含量的影响显著。稻谷储藏120 d时高温湿耦合区域稻谷的脂肪酸值达到接近重度不宜存的状态。而低温湿耦合区域和中间区域稻谷的脂肪酸值差异不显著。温湿度是影响稻谷过氧化氢酶活动度的主要因素,温湿度过高导致其活力下降。在温湿度耦合效应下稻谷脂肪酸值（Y1）和过氧化氢酶活动度（Y2）与温湿度和稻谷水分相关关系的模型分别为：Y1= -6.758 + 0.320X1- 0.081X2- 0.026X3 + 0.020X4 + 1.501X5,Y2 = 119.952-0.901X1 + 0.313X2 + 0.061 X3 - 0.044X4 - 4.088X5（X1：粮堆温度;X2：粮堆湿度;X3：粮堆深度;X4：储藏时间;X5：水分含量）。研究结果对于丰富多场耦合理论,指导智能化粮食储藏具有重要的意义。

Research on Paddy Storage Quality Change and Prediction Model Based on Multi-field Coupling Theory

In order to study the change of paddy quality during storage and establish the prediction model of paddy quality change, based on the multi-field coupling theory, the temperature and humidity change is recorded automatically by using the self-designed temperature and humidity control system. Besides, the changes of water content, fatty acid value and catalase activity were measured during the storage period of 120 days. Finally, according to the relationship between the coupling law of temperature and humidity and the change of related indexes of paddy storage quality, the prediction model of paddy storage quality change was established. The results showed that the temperature and humidity were coupled during the paddy storage period, and a strong and weak coupling area of temperature and humidity was formed in the pile. At the 60th day of storage, a "U" type high temperature and high humidity polymerization area appeared in the upper grain pile. After 60 days, the field effect of cooling and heating temperature and humidity on the cold and hot wall is weakened, and there is no strong and weak coupling area in the grain pile. The coupling effect of temperature and humidity on the water content of paddy was significant. When the paddy was stored for 120 days, the fatty acid value of paddy in the high-temperature and wet-coupled region reached a state of being close to the severe degree. However, there was no significant difference in fatty acid values between the low temperature and wet coupling region and the middle region. Temperature and humidity are the main factors that affect the catalase activity in paddy, high temperature and humidity lead to the decrease of catalase activity. Under the coupled effect of temperature and humidity, the prediction models of the correlation between paddy fatty acid value (Y1) and catalase activity (Y2) with temperature and moisture were Y1=- 6.758 + 0.320X1 - 0.081X2 - 0.026X3 + 0.020X4 + 1.501X5, Y2=119.952-0.901X1+0.313X2+0.061X3-0.044X4-4.088X5 (X1: temperature of grain heap; X2: humidity of grain heap; X3: depth of grain heap; X4: storage time; X5: moisture content). The results are of great practical significance to the prediction of grain storage quality and the management of intelligent grain depot.