亚麻籽胶微波辅助提取与热水浸提方法比较研究

本研究通过单因素和正交优化试验分别确定了热水浸提与微波辅助提取两种方法提取亚麻籽胶的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,热水浸提法提取亚麻籽胶的最佳工艺为:温度80℃、时间6 h、料液比1:10、提取次数1次;该条件下亚麻籽胶得率为7.28%,所得的亚麻籽胶中,多糖质量分数为68.13%,蛋白质质量分数为10.21%。微波辅助提取的最佳工艺为:温度80℃、时间1 h、料液比1:10、输出功率600 W、搅拌速度900r/min、提取次数1次;该条件下亚麻籽胶得率为6.46%,其中多糖质量分数为63.13%,蛋白质质量分数为13.75%。通过扫描电镜对提胶前后亚麻籽表面微观形态分析表明,胶液的溶出会破坏亚麻籽表面,微波处理对亚麻籽表层结构破坏大于热水浸提。红外吸收光谱分析表明,所得提取物在1 410 cm~(-1)的C-H变角振动和2 930 cm~(-1)的C-H伸缩振动以及1 039 cm~(-1)的O-H变角振动,构成了糖环的特征吸收峰,证明获得的亚麻籽提取物为亚麻籽胶。

Comparison of hot water extraction and microwave assisted extraction methods on flaxseed gum extraction

In this study, the optimum conditions of hot water extraction and microwave assisted extraction methods on flaxseed gum extraction were optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiments. Our results found that the optimum conditions of hot water extraction method were extracting once at temperature 80 °C for 6 h with the ratio of solid to liquid at 1 : 10. The maximum yield of flaxseed gum was 7.28% with the content of polysaccharide and protein about 68.13% and 10.21%, respectively. The optimum conditions of microwave assisted extraction method were extracting once at temperature 80 °C for 1 h with the ratio of solid to liquid at 1 : 10. The output power of microwave reactor was 600 W and the speed of mixer rotational was 900 r/min, The maximum yield of flaxseed gum was 6.46%, the content of polysaccharide and protein was about 63.13% and 13.75%, respectively. The micromorphology changes of the flaxseeds was observed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which indicated that the surface of flaxseeds became rough after gum extraction. The characteristic absorption of the obtained flaxseeds gum was characterized by Infrared spectroscopy (IR). The peaks at 1410 cm-1, 2930 cm-1 and 1039 cm-1 were constituted of the characteristic absorption of polysaccharides, Which indicated the extractions were the desired flaxseed gum.