Investigating risky,distracting, and protective peer passenger effects in a dual process framework |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Belgium;2. Faculty of Applied Engineering Sciences, Hasselt University, Belgium;1. Adolescent Risk Research Unit (ARRU), Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience – Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia;2. School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Business and Law, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia;3. Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia;4. University of Plymouth, School of Psychology, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom;1. Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3535 Market Street, Suite 1150, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;2. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;3. The Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;4. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;5. Survey Methodology Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Rm. 4068, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;1. Cognitive Disorders/Dementia Unit, 2nd Department of Neurology, University of Athens, “Attikon” University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str., 12462 Haidari, Athens, Greece;2. National Technical University of Athens, Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, 5 Heroon Polytechniou Str., GR-15773 Athens, Greece;1. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Connecticut, United States;2. Nathan Tefft Worked on This Project Prior to Joining Amazon.com While a Faculty Member at Bates College, United States;3. Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Beltsville, MD, United States |
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| Abstract: | Prior studies indicated higher collision rates among young novice drivers with peer passengers. This driving simulator study provided a test for a dual process theory of risky driving by examining social rewards (peer passengers) and cognitive control (inhibitory control). The analyses included age (17–18 yrs, n = 30; 21–24 yrs, n = 20). Risky, distracting, and protective effects were classified by underlying driver error mechanisms. In the first drive, participants drove alone. In the second, participants drove with a peer passenger. Red-light running (violation) was more prevalent in the presence of peer passengers, which provided initial support for a dual process theory of risk driving. In a subgroup with low inhibitory control, speeding (violation) was more prevalent in the presence of peer passengers. Reduced lane-keeping variability reflected distracting effects. Nevertheless, possible protective effects for amber-light running and hazard handling (cognition and decision-making) were found in the drive with peer passengers. Avenues for further research and possible implications for targets of future driver training programs are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Young novice drivers Driving simulation Peer passengers Dual processes |
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