A reliability assessment guide for the transition planning to lead-free electronics for companies whose products are RoHS exempted or excluded |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CALCE Electronics Products and Systems Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;2. Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan;3. College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China;1. School of Engineering, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, United States;2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States;3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, United States;1. College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China;2. Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 230012, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 200050 Shanghai, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | While a majority of electronic manufacturers have transitioned to lead-free materials and processes, both to comply with government legislation and to be compatible with the evolving supply-chain infrastructure, there are still many electronic manufacturers who are not using lead-free technologies, because they produce products that are either currently exempted or excluded from the government-imposed restrictions. Nevertheless, at some time, these manufacturers will need to have a lead-free transition plan, which includes compliance identification of the materials used, supplier compliance, process updates, and reliability assessment and qualification to the targeted application. This paper first briefly overviews the state of the knowledge as it relates to the reliability of lead-free solders. Then the paper provides a guide to help the planning team to assess the reliability issues needed for scheduling and resource identification to ensure a cost-effective and timely transition to lead-free products. The focus is on a risk matrix developed to help companies determine the general category of risk that they will encounter if they are currently exempt or excluded from making lead-free electronics. |
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