基于表面诱捕装置的不同食料引诱嗜卷书虱效果比较研究

及时检查监测常见微小害虫书虱的发生动态有利于其早防早治和避免危害，谷物食料诱捕害虫具有取材方便、有利于提高诱捕效率以及对书虱类害虫的种群控制。在20、24和28℃温度下，研究了粮堆表面波纹板诱捕器内置小麦粉、玉米粉、稻谷粉、酵母粉、发霉小麦粉、发霉玉米粉以及发霉稻谷粉等食料后不同时间引诱嗜卷书虱Liposcelis bostrychophila的数量动态。温度28℃时，实验食料中引诱效果最好的酵母粉在14 d内可引诱嗜卷书虱数量达827头，同时发霉小麦粉、发霉玉米粉和发霉稻谷粉中引诱嗜卷书虱的数量分别达662、605和604头，未霉变小麦粉、玉米粉和稻谷粉引诱嗜卷书虱数量分别为479、460和451头。20℃和24℃温度下，以上不同食料同时引诱嗜卷书虱的数量随温度降低相应减少，如酵母粉在对应温度下引诱嗜卷书虱的数量分别降至450和628头。采用GC-MS法测定出小麦粉、玉米粉、稻谷粉、酵母粉、发霉小麦粉、发霉玉米粉以及发霉稻谷粉的挥发物种类数量分别为17、24、20、20、20、23和25种，引诱效果最好的酵母粉的挥发物中芳樟醇、异戊醇、2-甲基丁酸乙酯以及正己醇相对含量较高，同样谷物粉发霉后引诱效果显著增加且这几种挥发物含量也明显增加，初步分析桧烯、1-辛烯-3-醇、2-戊基呋喃、肉桂醛等一定量的存在可能与较好的引诱效果有关，它们对嗜卷书虱的引诱作用值得进一步关注和研究。

Comparison research on attracted effect of serval food materials on Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel based on a trapping device installed on grain bulk surface

Early and on-time monitoring of the tiny individual insect pest psocids, which is a common species, is helpful for early control and avoiding damage to stored grain. The method of using food to attract insect pests is convenient to get the material, to improve the trapping effect on insect checking and monitoring, and to control the psocids. The trapping number comparison on trapped Liposcelis bostrychophila among of food materials included wheat flour, corn flour, rice flour, yeast powder, moldy wheat flour, moldy corn flour, and moldy rice flour was carried out, which was based on trapping device installed on grain bulk surface that is consisted of radial insect trapping channels and insect collector and so on. The result checking was done at different times and at 20°C, 24°C, and 28°C, respectively. At 28°C, the top level of the number of L. bostrychophila trapped by yeast powder was 827 during 14 d. The number of L. bostrychophila trapped by moldy wheat flour, moldy corn flour, and moldy rice flour was respectively 662, 605, and 604 meanwhile. The number of L. bostrychophila trapped by unmolded wheat flour, corn flour, and rice flour was 479, 460, and 451, respectively, at the same time. The number of L. bostrychophila was decreased with temperature going down, that was 20°C and 24°C. For example, the number of L. bostrychophila trapped by yeast powder was only 450 and 628 at the two temperatures. The volatile organic chemicals of the tested food materials were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the numbers of volatile substances analyzed from wheat flour, corn flour, rice flour, yeast powder, moldy wheat flour, moldy corn flour, and moldy rice flour were 17, 24, 20, 20, 20, 20, 23 and 25, respectively. The relative contents of Linalool, isoamyl alcohol, Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate and n-Hexyl alcohol were higher than other volatiles in yeast powder, which attracted psocids number at the top level. Meanwhile relative percentages of Linalool, isoamyl alcohol, Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate and n-Hexyl alcohol was significantly higher in moldy cereal powder which enhanced the attracted psocids number, than that of unmoldy grain flour. For preliminary purposes, the high levels of Linalool, isoamyl alcohol, Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate and n-Hexyl alcohol may be relative to the significant attracting effect. Whose function on L. bostrychophila trapping should be cared and research further.