内燃机油低温油泥及分散性模拟评定

内燃机油在中低温运行工况下容易产生油泥问题，一直是油品研制者关注并设法解决的对象。从油泥组成分析、油泥产生的原因、油泥形成过程以及影响因素方面进行了阐述。一般认为，发动机油泥主要是由燃烧产生的氮氧化物、发动机窜气组分在润滑油存在的情况下，经过一系列反应生成。另外，发动机运转工况对油泥产生也有较大的影响。另外介绍了两种汽油机油分散性模拟评定方法，供相关人员参阅。

THE SLUDGE FORMATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE OF ENGINE OIL AND THE DISPERSANCY BENCH EVALUATION

The sludge forms easily while the engine oil runs at medium and low temperature, which has been a problem that the oil developers pay attention to and want to solve all along.The sludge constitute,the mechanism of sludge formation and factors influencing sludge formation are described.In general,it is considered that the NOx caused by combustion,together with engine blow-by constituents,will react with lubricant and lead to the formation of engine deposit.Large fluctuations in temperature,load and speed during engine operation will result in the formation of more sludge.In the end,two bench tests for gasoline engine oils are proposed for the reference to related researchers.