铝电解废槽衬的污染及对策分析

废槽衬是电解铝工业不可避免的固体废物,每生产一吨原铝约外排30 kg废槽衬。由于含有较多的可溶氟化物和氰化物,废槽衬对生态环境危害较大。露天堆存废槽衬是被禁止的,因为废槽衬易与雨水或空气中水分发生反应导致集中污染。填埋处理可以暂时解决废槽衬的污染,但其投资高、难维护,多数电解铝厂难以接受。对废槽衬进行无害化处理,不仅可彻底解决废槽衬的污染问题,而且可使氟化盐得到循环利用,并回收废槽衬固体渣用作水泥生产的原料。

Hazardous spent potlining from aluminum smelters and Its countermeasure

Spent potlining is unavoidable solid residue from aluminum industry.About thirty kilograms spent potlining is discharged in order to produce per ton primary aluminum.Spent potlining has high level soluble fluorides and cyanides so that it brings heavy pollution to environment.It is prohibitive to keep a large amount of spent potlining in open air because it will lead concentrated pollution to local soil and water source due to hydrated reactions between spent potlining and rain water/moisture in air.Landfil...