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Molecular recognition imaging using tuning fork-based transverse dynamic force microscopy
Authors:Manuel Hofer  Stefan Adamsmaier  Thomas S van Zanten  Lilia A Chtcheglova  Carlo Manzo  Memed Duman  Barbara Mayer  Andreas Ebner  Manuel Moertelmaier  Gerald Kada  Maria F Garcia-Parajo  Peter Hinterdorfer  Ferry Kienberger
Affiliation:1. University of Linz, Institute for Biophysics, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria;2. IBEC-Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and CIBER-Bbn, Baldiri i Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain;3. ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain;4. Agilent Technologies Austria GmbH, Aubrunnerweg 11, 4040 Linz, Austria;5. Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nanoscopic Methods in Biophysics, Institute for Biophysics, University of Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
Abstract:We demonstrate simultaneous transverse dynamic force microscopy and molecular recognition imaging using tuning forks as piezoelectric sensors. Tapered aluminum-coated glass fibers were chemically functionalized with biotin and anti-lysozyme molecules and attached to one of the prongs of a 32 kHz tuning fork. The lateral oscillation amplitude of the tuning fork was used as feedback signal for topographical imaging of avidin aggregates and lysozyme molecules on mica substrate. The phase difference between the excitation and detection signals of the tuning fork provided molecular recognition between avidin/biotin or lysozyme/anti-lysozyme. Aggregates of avidin and lysozyme molecules appeared as features with heights of 1–4 nm in the topographic images, consistent with single molecule atomic force microscopy imaging. Recognition events between avidin/biotin or lysozyme/anti-lysozyme were detected in the phase image at high signal-to-noise ratio with phase shifts of 1–2°. Because tapered glass fibers and shear-force microscopy based on tuning forks are commonly used for near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), these results open the door to the exciting possibility of combining optical, topographic and biochemical recognition at the nanometer scale in a single measurement and in liquid conditions.
Keywords:Tuning fork  Atomic force microscopy  Shear-force microscopy  Molecular recognition  Avidin&ndash  biotin
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