白云鄂博铁矿中深孔爆破数值模拟及应用

白云鄂博铁矿现已进入深深部开采，矿床开采技术条件及工程地质条件均已发生较大变化，特别是对于大直径中深孔的爆破现状，原爆破参数已不能满足现在的露天生产要求。调整和优化爆破参数，提高爆破质量对于矿山降本增效具有重大意义。为适应日益变化的采场条件，利用LS-DYNA 有限元模拟软件，模拟白云鄂博铁矿磁铁矿区和白云岩区爆破漏斗的形成过程，相邻炮孔不同间距的爆破效果，进而探讨不同时刻和位置冲击波的压力影响范围和应力应变等参数。分析了不同时刻和位置冲击波的压力传播范围和应力应变等参数。研究表明:磁铁矿区的孔距为8 ~9 m，但不能大于9 m，白云岩区的孔距可大于9 m。结合中深孔爆破模拟参数，对白云鄂博铁矿采场矿石区、岩石区和矿岩混爆区进行爆破试验。优化后爆破大块率降低了0. 5 个/ 万t，电铲满斗系数提高了4 个百分点，装车时间快了3. 5 s/ 台，铲装与试验等量矿岩铲斗牙尖用坏个数减少1 个。

Numerical Simulation and Application of Medium-Deep Hole Blasting in Bayan Obo Iron Mine

Bayan Obo Iron Mine has now entered into deep mining. The mining technical conditions and engineering geological conditions of the deposit have changed a lot. Especially for large diameter medium-deep hole blasting，the original blasting parameters can not meet the requirements of current open-pit production. How to adjust and optimize blasting parameters and improve blasting quality is of great significance for reducing costs and increasing efficiency in mines. In order to adapt to the variable mining conditions，LS-DYNA finite element simulation software was used to simulate the blasting effects at different intervals between adjacent holes during the formation process of blasting funnel in the magnetite mining area and dolomite area of Bayan obo Iron Mine. Furthermore，the pressure range，stress and strain parameters of shock wave at different time and different position were discussed. Research showed that the hole distance of magnetite mining area ranges from 8 m to 9 m，but not longer than 9 m，and the hole distance of dolomite area is longer than 9 m. Combined with the simulation parameters of mediumdeep hole blasting，the blasting tests were carried out in the ore area，rock area and ore-rock mixed explosive areas of Bayan obo Iron Mine. After optimization，the block rate of blasting was decreased by 0.5 item/104 t，the full-bucket coefficient of excavator was increased by 4 percent points，the discharge time was enhanced by 3.5 s/ set，and the number of damaged shovels or bucket tips is lowered by 1 item.