某钢板弹簧结构优化设计

钢板弹簧对于汽车的行驶平顺性、舒适性具有重要的作用。针对某汽车的特殊工作需求,开展了其后钢板弹簧结构的优化设计。首先基于有限元分析法,考虑相关参数,建立了后板簧的计算模型;其次对该模型进行了动力学强度分析,得到了板簧应力特征及其在特殊要求工况下薄弱环节;然后提出优化方案,以最大应力最小化为优化目标,对板簧进行结构优化,并对优化后的板簧进行动力学强度分析,对比说明优化方案的可行性及优点。研究结果表明:优化后的板簧结构满足材料许用应力要求,并且板簧总厚度改变不大,整车姿态不变。优化设计后的板簧试制并装车,进行耐久性考核试验,取得了满意的效果。

The Structure Optimization Design of a Leaf Spring

Leaf springs play an important role in vehicle ride performance and comfort.In view of the special working needs of a vehicle,the structure design of the rear leaf spring has been carried out in this paper. Firstly,based on the finite element analysis and considering the relevant parameters,the calculation model of the rear leaf spring was established.Secondly,the dynamic strength analysis of the model was carried out,and the stress characteristics and the weak parts of the leaf spring under the special required working condition were obtained. Then the optimization scheme was put forward,with the maximum stress minimization as the optimization target,the structure optimization of the leaf spring was optimized,and the dynamic strength analysis of the optimized leaf spring was carried out,and the feasibility and advantages of the optimization scheme were compared. The research results showed that the optimized leaf spring structure met the allowable stress requirement of the material,and the total thickness of the leaf spring did not change much,and the vehicle posture remained unchanged. After the optimization design,the leaf spring was trial produced and loaded,and the durability test was conducted and satisfactory results were achieved.