高强度曲轴静态特性仿真与试验研究

采用ANSYS有限元软件,建立了480柴油机整体和单拐曲轴的静态特性分析模型,针对不同的约束条件,对两种模型的弯曲疲劳强度进行计算,指出了两种模型下的应力集中区域以及应力分布和变形情况;两种模型应力值均未超出曲轴的许用应力。通过曲轴弯曲疲劳强度试验,对480柴油机单拐曲轴进行了弯曲疲劳试验,测量了弯矩随循环基数的变化情况。结果表明,采用整体和单拐曲轴的静态特性分析模型,应力集中比较危险的区域出现在主轴颈、连杆轴颈与曲柄臂的过渡圆角区域;整体较于单拐模型可以更全面、真实反映曲轴各拐的静态特性。

Static Characteristic Simulation and Experimental Study on High Strength Engine Crankshaft

Single and whole crankshaft of 480 diesel engine was analyzed by ANSYS software. Endurance bending strength of two models was calculated under different loading conditions, which could reflect the strength concentration, strength and transformation distribution, which was the limit of allowed strength. Endurance bending strength experiment for single crankshaft of 480 diesel engine was taken to calculate the variation of circulated cardinal number of bending moment. Through contrast of results of single and whole crankshaft, it reflected strength concentration area was more likely to appear the transition area between the crank and connecting rod journal or main journal. Whole crankshaft model could reflected the static quality of crankshaft more comprehensively and actually than single model.