黑木耳多糖AAP-10对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节作用

通过热水浸提、分级醇沉的方法，从产自浙江龙泉地区的黑木耳中提取分离得到一种多糖（命名为AAP-10）；采用一系列理化分析手段对多糖进行了初步表征；采用环磷酰胺（cyclophosphamide，CPA）免疫抑制小鼠动物模型，研究AAP-10对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用。结果表明：AAP-10为一种纯度较高、分子质量较均一的多糖；1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测得AAP-10主要由葡萄糖、甘露糖组成（物质的量比为6∶1）；高压凝胶色谱法测得AAP-10的重均分子质量为6.56×105 Da。动物实验结果表明：一定剂量的AAP-10给药能帮助小鼠较快克服CPA注射对其体质量及脾脏造成的负面影响，提高CPA免疫抑制小鼠的脾淋巴细胞转化增殖能力，增强CPA免疫抑制小鼠单核-巨噬细胞的吞噬能力和自然杀伤细胞活性；其中低剂量（2.5 mg/（kg·d））及中剂量（5.0 mg/（kg·d））AAP-10给药效果最佳，说明黑木耳多糖AAP-10具有一定的免疫调节作用。

Auricularia auricula-judae Polysaccharide AAP-10 and Its Immunoregulatory Activity on Immunosuppressed Mice

In this study, a polysaccharide named AAP-10 was isolated from Auricularia auricula-judge from Longquan region of Zhejiang province by hot water extraction and stepwise ethanol precipitation. Physicochemical analyses were used to characterize the polysaccharide. Furthermore, this study evaluated the immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharide AAP-10 in a mouse model of immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide (CPA). Results indicated that AAP-10 had high purity and was a homogeneous polysaccharide. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that AAP-10 was mainly composed of glucose and mannose at a molar ratio of 6:1 as determined by high performance liquid chromatography with precolumn derivatization with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone. High-performance gel-permeation chromatography analysis showed that the average molecular mass of AAP-10 was 6.56 × 105 Da. Moreover, the negative effect of CPA on body mass and spleen of immunosuppressed mice was improved by AAP-10 administration at a certain dose. In addition, AAP-10 enhanced the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and natural killer cell activity, as well as mononuclear macrophage phagocytosis, especially at low and intermediate doses (2.5 and 5.0 mg/(kg·d)). These results showed that AAP-10 had good immunoregulatory effect in immunosuppressed mice.