我国西南山地城市规划适应性理论研究的一些思考

中国是一个多山的国家，全国2/3的土地、森林、矿产、水能等资源集中于山地。西南地区是人口、民族、资源、地域文化丰富而多样的典型山地区域。国家统筹区域发展和城镇化西部推进战略的实施，西南山地城市（镇）规划与建设显露出理论指导乏力和基础研究薄弱，导致惯性走入“建设性破坏”的误区，造成城乡环境资源、地域文化特色、物质空间形态极大损失。进入新世纪以来，西部地区的城市化发展逐步跃上台阶，“重庆-成都”城市密集的经济发展成为了西部地区重要的经济增长极。创新研究西南山地城市（镇）规划适应性理论与方法，业已成为具有国家高度和重要学术价值的科学问题。论文针对西南山地土地资源稀缺性与生态环境脆弱性的人居建设，城市、建筑空间多维性和自然、人文内涵丰富性的人居环境品质追求，提出指导西南地区城市（镇）规划与建设的适应理论研究目标：山地城镇化适应性理论及发展模式，流域人居环境建设的生态理论及减灾防灾，山地城市（镇）有机更新理论与历史文化遗产保护，山地城市（镇）建设适应性新技术支撑体系。论文拟建立对西南山地城市（镇）规划理论研究的思考并对我国山地城市规划与建设的工作有所指导。

Some Thoughts on Theoretical Research about Adaptation of Planning of Mountainous Cities in Southwest China

China is a mountainous country, with two-thirds of forest, mineral resources and hydropower in mountainous areas. Southwest China is an area of diversified population, tribes, resources and culture. During the implementation of nation-coordinated regional development and urbanization strategies of western China, planning and construction of mountainous cities in Southwest China had so little theoretic guidance and fundamental research that misunderstandings led to ‘constructional destruction’ and a great loss of environmental resources, characterized regional culture and forms of physical spaces. Urbanization of west China has entered a new era during the 21st century and the dense economic development in ‘Chengdu-Chongqing’ became a crucial element in national economic growth. Study of theories and methods associated with adaptive planning of mountainous cities of southwest China, has become a field of high academic value and national importance. This paper focuses on certain points of interest: scarcity of resources, human habitat within sensitive ecological system, desire for human habitat with multidimensional architectural and urban space, and diversified nature and humanity. This paper explores the aims of the research on adaptation theories of urbanization of mountainous cities in southwest China in following aspects: adaptation theories and patterns of urbanization for mountainous cities; ecological theories and disaster prevention and mitigation of human habitat; theories of organic renewal and conservation of cultural and historic heritages of mountainous cities; and, new technological system supportive to adaptation of construction of mountainous cities. Those thoughts may be guidelines for practices related to planning and development of mountainous cities in China.