船载S频段测控系统全频段校相方法研究

航天测量船S频段测控系统采用双通道单脉冲跟踪体制,其跟踪接收机必须经过校相保持和、差通道相位一致性才能确保跟踪性能;测量船传统校相方法是码头对塔校相与海上微波自检的方式,但已无法满足卫星工作频点不断增多的需要,因此提出一种全新的全频段校相方法;首先阐述了双通道单脉冲体制的跟踪原理、校相原因,解析了和、差通道相位差的组成及近场效应对塔校相的影响;通过分析不同和、差通道物理长度差条件下相位差与频率的变化关系,并确定和、差通道固定波程差的计算方法;基于码头对塔校相数据的分析计算,得出整个工作频段的相位计算公式,并验证了公式的正确性;基于数据分析归纳总结出测量船海上相位标校/修正方法,有效解决海上全频段校相的难题,提高相位标校工作效率.

Study on the Full-band Phase Calibration Method for Ship-borne S-band TT&C System

Double-channel monopulse tracking system is adopted in the ship-borne S-band tracking telemetry and command (TT&C) system. The tracking receiver need phase calibration to maintain consistency of the sun and difference channel to ensure the tracking performance. The traditional method is a way of town-tower phase calibration and offshore microwave self-checking, but it cannot meet the needs of increasing frequency points of the satellite,then a full-band calibration method is proposed. First elaborated the principle of two-channel monopulse system and the reason of phase calibration, and analyzed the composition of phase difference and near-field response effect on phase alignment. By analyzing the relation between phase difference and frequency variation under different physical length difference of sum and difference channel, the calculation method of fixed wave path difference of sum and difference channel is determined. Based on the analysis and calculation of the tower calibration phase data, the phase calculation formula of the whole working frequency band is obtained, and the correctness of the formula is verified. And concluded the seaborne calibration/correction method, which can effectively solve the problem of full-band phase calibration at sea in and improve the efficiency.