不同煅烧温度下贵州兴义煤矸石的光谱学研究

采用X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、X射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）研究了贵州兴义煤矸石的主要成分，不同煅烧温度下的分解机理以及最佳活化温度.XRF分析结果表明：煤矸石的主要化学组分是SiO₂,Al₂O₃和Fe₂O₃等，且烧失量较大.XRD结果表明：煤矸石主要矿物成分为高岭石、云母、菱铁矿、黄铁矿、金红石、水氯镁石、石英以及方解石等.通过不同煅烧温度的XRD和FTIR分析表明：随温度升高，煤矸石中的高岭石、云母发生脱水反应，导致煤矸石中活化的SiO₂,Al₂O₃含量增加，活性提高，但当温度高于800 ℃时，活化的SiO₂,Al₂O₃又进一步结合生成红柱石，反而使煤矸石活性降低.基于上述实验得出贵州兴义煤矸石最佳活化温度为700 ℃.

Spectroscopy research on the Guizhou Xingyi gangue of different calcined temperatures

The major compositions, decomposition mechanisms and the optimum calcined temperature of the gangue at different calcined temperatures were studied by XRF, XRD and FTIR. Analyses for XRF show that the primary chemical constituents of gangue are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and so on. Moreover, the ignition loss is relatively high. Analyses for XRD show that the main mineral components of gangue are kaolinite, mica, spathic iron, iron pyrites, rutile, bischofite, quartz and calcite. Analyses for XRD and FTIR at different calcined temperatures show that kaolinite and mica take place dehydration reaction as the temperatures increase. The contents of activation of SiO2 and Al2O3 are increased, so the activity of gangue increases. But calcined temperature above 800 ℃, SiO2 reacts with Al2O3 and produce andalusite, so the activity of gangue decreases. Based on the above experimental results, the optimum calcined temperature of the gangue from Guizhou Xingyi is 700 ℃.