黄金峡泵站水泵母材泥沙磨损试验研究

水泵的泥沙磨损问题是泵站运行管理过程中需要重点考虑的问题之一,在含沙水流冲刷作用下,水泵过流部件易产生明显磨损,从而缩短水泵的使用寿命,降低泵站的运行效率。以引汉济渭工程黄金峡水利枢纽为例,通过在水力机械磨蚀测试系统——旋转圆盘循环工位上进行泥沙磨损试验,探究磨损部件不同备选材料的泥沙磨损特性,结果表明:材料磨损深度随测点半径的增大而增大,泥沙中值粒径的大小对磨损的影响显著,磨损深度随泥沙中值粒径增大而增大。同时根据试验结果,构建了材料磨损率关系式,估算了备选材料的磨损量,比选出了合适的水泵母材。最终,基于研究成果提出了减小水泵泥沙磨损的措施建议,对减缓水泵磨损,降低泵站后期运行和维护费用具有重要意义。

Experimental Research on Silt Abrasion of Water Pump Base Material in Huangjinxia Pump Station

The abrasion of water pump by silt is a key problem to be considered in the operation and management of pump stations. Scoured by silt-carrying flow, the over-flow parts of water pump are subject to obvious abrasion, which shortens the service life of water pump and reduces the operating efficiency of pump station. With the Huangjinxia hydro-junction of Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Water Diversion Project as a case study, we investigated into the silt abrasion characteristics of different alternative materials for the wearing parts through sediment abrasion experiment on the hydraulic mechanical abrasion test system—rotary disc circulation station. Our findings demonstrated that the depth of material abrasion grew with the increase of measuring point’s radius. The median diameter of silt also had a significant effect on the abrasion, with the abrasion deepening with the increase of silt’s median diameter. Furthermore, we established the expression of abrasion rate based on the experimental results, hence estimating the abrasion amount of candidate materials, and finally determined the appropriate base material for water pump. In addition, we proposed some measures to alleviate the abrasion of water pump in the purpose of reducing the cost of operation and maintenance of pump station.