钢轨火焰热处理温度场数值模拟

为在钢轨火焰热处理时使钢轨接头达到规定的温度和合理均匀分布的温度场,在Abaqus中建立PD3钢轨的三维有限元模型,通过调整加热火焰模型的热流密度,模拟钢轨的温度场,获得钢轨异形结构对钢轨温度场的影响规律.结果表明：在采用均匀热流密度加热火焰模型时,钢轨底部升温速度最快,钢轨头部最慢;加热完成后钢轨底部平均温度最高,钢轨头部最低,钢轨温度场分布均匀性较差,而对于钢轨心部,钢轨腰部升温速度最快、平均温度最高,钢轨头部升温速度最慢、平均温度最低.经过对加热火焰模型热流密度的优化,钢轨表面和心部温度场分布的均匀性得到很好改善,可为实际生产中火焰热处理设计提供参考.

Numerical simulation on temperature field of rail with flame heat treatment

To make the rail joints reach the specified temperature and rational uniform temperature field while performing flame heat treatment on rail, a 3D finite element model of PD3 rail is built with Abaqus. The temperature field of the rail is simulated by changing the heat flux density of heat flame model, and the law of influence of the special shaped rail structure on the rail temperature field is obtained. The result indicates that, if the heat flame model with uniform heat flux density is used, the heating rate of rail base is fastest while that of rail head is slowest; after heating, the average temperature of rail base is highest while that of rail head is lowest, and the rail temperature field distribution lacks of uniformity, but for the rail heart, the heating rate and average temperature of rail waist are fastest and highest while that of rail head are the fastest and highest. By the optimization of heat flux density of heat flame model, the uniformity of temperature field distribution is improved at the rail surface and heart. Consequently, it can provide some references for flame heat treatment design of the practical production.