裂变产物中锑的色层分离方法研究

为测定127Sb的裂变产额及衰变γ射线分支比，需研究裂变产物中锑的放化分离方法。本文研究了盐酸及硝酸溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)及Sb(Ⅴ)在Dowex 1×4、TEVA、TRU、UTEVA、硅胶等5种固相分离材料上的吸附性能，探讨了主要干扰金属离子的吸附行为，随后优化了与相关上柱、洗涤、洗脱等操作的工艺条件。依据实验结果，提出了一个硅胶和TEVA树脂联用的色层分离流程，并采用辐照铀靶溶解液进行了流程检验。结果表明，该流程对锑的化学收率大于80%，对高产额核素及干扰127Sb γ能谱测量的主要核素的去污因子均在10×103以上。该流程便于实现远程自动化操作，避免了价态调节和介质转换，且无需大量同位素载体的加入，适用于127Sb裂变产额测定中锑的放化分离，以及放化纯级127Sb制备过程中锑的初步分离。

Study on Chromatographic Separation Method of Antimony in Fission Product

In order to determine the fission yield and decay γ-ray branch ratio of 127Sb, it is necessary to study the radiochemical separation method of antimony in fission products. In this work, the adsorption performance of Sb(Ⅲ) and Sb(Ⅴ) in hydrochloric acid and nitric acid solutions on five solid phase separation materials was studied, including Dowex 1×4, TEVA, TRU, UTEVA, and silica gel. And the adsorption behavior of the main interference metal ions was discussed in detail. Subsequently, the process conditions of separation related column loading, washing, elution and other operations were optimized. According to the experimental results, a chromatographic separation process using silica gel and TEVA resin was proposed, which was verified using the irradiated uranium target solution. The results show that the chemical yield of antimony in this process is more than 80%, and the decontamination factors of high yield nuclides and main interference nuclides during the measurement of 127Sb γ spectroscopy are all above 1×103. This process is convenient to realize remote automatic operation, avoids valence state adjustment and medium conversion, and does not require the addition of abundant isotope carriers. It is suitable for the radiochemical separation of antimony in the determination of 127Sb fission yield and the preliminary separation in the preparation process of radiochemical pure 127Sb.