功能性再生纤维素复合膜的制备及性能研究进展

纤维素是自然界中储量最大的天然高分子化合物,被认为是未来能源和化工的主要原料。然而,天然纤维素聚合度高、结晶度高的特性,使其难以溶于常规溶剂,极大限制了纤维素的应用。近年来,人们发现了多种新型纤维素溶剂体系,本文简要介绍了基于新型纤维素溶剂体系制备而来的再生纤维素膜以及一系列功能性再生纤维素基有机/无机复合膜材料。通过新型纤维素溶剂体系溶解再生得到的再生纤维素基复合膜在多孔性、热稳定性、强度等性能方面得到一定程度的改善,有望应用于包装、污水处理、传感器、生物医学等领域。本文基于再生纤维素膜及其复合膜材料的最新研究进展,对今后发展的热点方向进行了展望,旨在为纤维素溶解和功能性再生纤维素新材料的开发提供参考。

Research progress on preparation and properties of functional regenerated cellulose composite membranes

Cellulose, the most abundant natural renewable resources on the earth, has been considered as the main raw material for future energy and chemical industry. However, due to its high degree of polymerization and crystalline index, cellulose is extremely difficult to dissolve in conventional solvents, which greatly limits its application. More recently, many new cellulose solvents have been developed to overcome this problem. This paper briefly introduces a series of regenerated cellulose membranes and functional organic/inorganic regenerated cellulose composite membranes with these new cellulose solvents. It has been found that the properties of those cellulose composites, such as the porosity, thermal stability and mechanical properties are significantly improved, giving them promising applications in packaging, wastewater treatment, sensors, biological medicine, etc. The latest research progress of regenerated cellulose membranes and functional regenerated cellulose composites is summarized in this paper. Finally, the trends on developing cellulose solvents and functional regenerated cellulose materials are proposed to provide a guide for cellulose dissolution and new functional regenerated cellulose-based composites.