基于外部成本内置法的备用市场竞价模型

针对多因素下多种备用资源的优化配置问题，提出基于外部成本内置法的备用市场竞价模型。以需求响应为机会成本，同时考虑容量事故的不确定性，采用风险管理方法建立发电侧备用需求曲线，实现需求侧与发电侧两类备用资源的协调。量化分析发电侧备用可靠性与碳排放因素的边际外部成本，并将该成本内置到发电侧备用的内部成本报价中，以所得边际综合成本作为竞价依据，进一步实现了发电侧备用资源的内部协调。最后，通过供需理论得到备用最优点。算例仿真结果证明所提方法能够从社会角度实现备用资源的优化配置，具有可靠性与碳减排激励作用。

A Reserve Market Bidding Model Based on Internalization of External Cost

According to the optimal allocation of diverse reserve resources under multiple factors, this paper proposes a reserve market bidding model based on internalization method of external cost. Taking demand response as opportunity cost and considering the uncertainty of contingencies, we adopt risk management method to build generation-side reserve demand curve, in order to realize the coordination of the reserve resources between demand side and generation side. Then, the marginal external cost of generation-side reserve reliability and carbon emission factors are quantified and internalized into the internal cost quotation of generation side reserve, which is taken as the bidding criterion to further achieve the internal coordination of generation side reserve. Finally, the optimal decision point is obtained according to supply and demand theory. The simulation results show that the proposed method can realize the optimal allocation of reserve from social perspective, and possess the incentive of reliability and carbon emission reduction.