Nanostructured cerium oxide: preparation and properties of weakly-agglomerated powders |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, # 928, Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, China;2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, # 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300071, China;1. Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600 073, India;3. Department of Chemistry, Adhiyaman Arts and Science for Women (Autonomous), Uthangarai, Krishnagiri 635207, India;4. Department of Chemistry, Saveetha Engineering College, Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India;5. Chemistry Division, Department of Humanities and Science, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Chennai 600124, India |
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| Abstract: | Nanocrystalline powders of cerium oxide were prepared from cerium(III) nitrate solution by a two-stage precipitation process which yielded weakly-agglomerated powders with a crystallite size smaller than 5 nm. Hydrogen peroxide was added to cerium nitrate at 5°C to slowly oxidise Ce3+ to Ce4+ and thereby initiate homogeneous precipitation with the formation of dense spherical agglomerates. The precipitation process was completed by the addition of ammonium hydroxide which disrupted the spherical agglomerates leaving a weakly-agglomerated power of hydrated ceria. The process was completed by hydrothermal treatment at 180°C without increase in crystallite size. The powders were characterised by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The weakly-agglomerated state of the powder and the uniform crystallite size of under 5 nm are favourable characteristics for many applications. |
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