气相色谱-质谱法分析六种鲈形目海水鱼脂肪含量和脂肪酸组成

分析六种鲈形目海水鱼脂肪酸组成,为海水鱼的生产加工提供理论依据。通过氯仿-甲醇法提取六种海水鱼肌肉的脂肪,运用气相色谱-质谱联用法对脂肪酸组成进行分析。六种鲈形目海水鱼肌肉粗脂肪含量为4.40%~8.72%,其中黄鳍鲷含量最高,总共检测出21种脂肪酸,包括6种饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acids,SFA)和15种不饱和脂肪酸(5种单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acids,MUFA)和10种多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acids,PUFA)),粗脂肪和脂肪酸总体含量均有显著差异(P<0.05),其中SFA含量为26.63%~33.97%,MUFA含量为23.07%~29.13%,PUFA含量为41.06%~44.35%。6种鲈形目海水鱼EPA和DHA占脂肪酸总量为21.17%~35.73%,除了黄鳍鲷,其他5种海水鱼占比均在30%以上,其中马拉巴笛鲷中占比最高,为35.73%。六种鲈形目海水鱼中MUFA/SFA总体有显著差异(P<0.05),其中黒鲷最高(1.43),马拉巴笛鲷次之(1.36)。6种鲈形目海水鱼中多不饱和脂肪酸比较丰富,其中马拉巴笛鲷的EPA+DHA含量较高,按照人们对于必需脂肪酸的需求,马拉巴笛鲷的营养价值最高。

Content and Composition of Fatty Acids in Six Kinds of Perciformes Marine Fish by Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry

The fatty acid composition of six species of perciforms fish was analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the production and processing of marine fish in the future.Fat in six kinds of seawater fish muscle were extracted by chloroform-methanol method,and their fatty acids composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The muscle fat content of the six perciforms marine fishes ranged from 4.40% to 8.72%,of which the content of sparuslatus was the highest. A total of 21 kinds of fatty acids were detected,including 6 kinds of saturated fatty acids(SFA)and 15 kinds of unsaturated fatty acids(5 kinds of monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)and 10 kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)). There was a significant difference in the total content of crude fat and fatty acids(P<0.05). The SFA content ranged from 26.63% to 33.97%,the MUFA content ranged from 23.07% to 29.13%,and the PUFA content ranged from 41.06% to 44.35%. The total fatty acids of EPA and DHA in the six perciforms marine fishes ranged from 21.17% to 35.73%. Except for sparus latus houttuyn,the other five marine fishes accounted for more than 30%,of which Lutjanus malabaricus accounted for the highest proportion,which was 35.73%. There was a significant difference in MUFA/SFA(P<0.05),of which Sparus macrocephalus was the highest(1.43)and Lutjanus malabaricus was the second(1.36).There are abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the six species of sea fish. And the EPA+DHA content of the Lutjanus malabaricus was high. According to people’s demand for essential fatty acids,the nutritional value of the Lutjanus malabaricus was the highest.