The Effects of pH and Alkaline Earth Ions on the Formation of Nanosized Zirconia Phases Under Hydrothermal Conditions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;2. Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Technology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;3. Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;4. Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden;1. Department of Chemistry, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai – 625 009, Tamilnadu, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Anna University, University College of Engineering — Dindigul, Reddiyarchatram, Dindigul – 624 622, Tamilnadu, India;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen''s University Belfast, United Kingdom.;2. Materials Surface Science Institute, Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland. |
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| Abstract: | The phase composition and crystallite size of zirconia formed under hydrothermal conditions is strongly dependent on crystallization conditions, in particular, pH and a mineralizer. Monoclinic ZrO2 formed easily in the strong acid and basic media. When pH<1 or >14, monoclinic ZrO2 was exclusively obtained and its crystallite size increased with increasing pH. In the range of pH 1–14, products of hydrothermal reaction are a mixture of monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO2. The effects of Mg2+, Ca2+ and Sr2+ ions on the formation of zirconia under hydrothermal conditions were investigated. The presence of these bivalent M2+ ions was in favour of the formation of tetragonal (or cubic) ZrO2. The nanosized ZrO2 crystallites of cubic and tetragonal symmetry were obtained at pH 10, 220°C for 2 h and in the case of Ca2+ and Sr2+ as mineralizer, respectively. |
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