酸刻蚀对玄武岩纤维表面偶联剂吸附量及纤维/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能的影响

纤维与树脂的复合需要有一个良好的界面相，以便能将载荷从基体有效地传递给增强纤维，纤维表面改性处理是达到这一要求的主要方法。采用盐酸刻蚀法对玄武岩纤维（BF）表面进行处理，讨论了酸刻蚀对纤维单丝拉伸性能、表面硅烷偶联剂吸附量的影响以及盐酸浓度对BF/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：纤维的单丝拉伸强度随着盐酸浓度的升高呈加速下降趋势；1 mol/L盐酸处理后的纤维表面对硅烷偶联剂KH550的吸附量最大；1 mol/L盐酸刻蚀后再经硅烷偶联剂KH550处理的纤维制成的BF-KH550/环氧树脂复合材料的弯曲性能、拉伸性能和层间剪切强度最优。

Effects of acid modification on coupling agent amount of basalt fiber surface and mechanical property of BF/epoxy composites

Fiber/resin composites need a good interface, so that the load can effectively pass from matrix to reinforced fiber, fiber surface modification is the main way to achieve this requirement. The method of hydrochloric acid etching the fiber surface of basalt fiber (BF) was adopted. The effects of acid etching on the monofilament tensile strength, adsorption amount of silane coupling agent on fiber surface were studied, and the effects of hydrochloric acid concentration on the mechanical property of BF/epoxy composites were discussed. The results demonstrate that with the increasing of HCl concentration, the monofilament tensile strength of fiber shows a trend of accelerated decline. The fiber etched by 1 mol/L HCl has more surface adsorption quantity of silane coupling agent KH550. The BF-KH550/epoxy composites pretreated by 1 mol/L HCl and silane coupling agent KH550 have relatively greater mechanical properties in bending performance, tensile properties and interlaminar shear strength.